Explain Increment and Decrement operators with example.

Operators in Java

Operator in Java is a symbol which is used to perform operations. For example: +, -, *, / etc.

There are many types of operators in Java which are given below:

• Unary Operator,
• Arithmetic Operator,
• Shift Operator,
• Relational Operator,
• Bitwise Operator,
• Logical Operator,
• Ternary Operator and
• Assignment Operator.

Java Operator Precedence

Operator Type	Category	Precedence
Unary	postfix	expr++ expr--
	prefix	++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !
Arithmetic	multiplicative	* / %
	additive	+ -
Shift	shift	<< >> >>>
Relational	comparison	< > <= >= instanceof
	equality	== !=
Bitwise	bitwise AND	&
	bitwise exclusive OR	^
	bitwise inclusive OR	|
Logical	logical AND	&&
	logical OR	||
Ternary	ternary	? :
Assignment	assignment	= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=

Java Unary Operator

The Java unary operators require only one operand. Unary operators are used to perform various operations i.e.:

• incrementing/decrementing a value by one
• negating an expression
• inverting the value of a boolean

Java Unary Operator Example: ++ and --

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int x=10;  
4. System.out.println(x++);//10 (11)  
5. System.out.println(++x);//12  
6. System.out.println(x--);//12 (11)  
7. System.out.println(--x);//10  
8. }}  

Output:

10
12
12
10

Java Unary Operator Example 2: ++ and --

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=10;  
5. System.out.println(a++ + ++a);//10+12=22  
6. System.out.println(b++ + b++);//10+11=21  
7.   
8. }}  

Output:

22
21

Java Unary Operator Example: ~ and !

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=-10;  
5. boolean c=true;  
6. boolean d=false;  
7. System.out.println(~a);//-11 (minus of total positive value which starts from 0)  
8. System.out.println(~b);//9 (positive of total minus, positive starts from 0)  
9. System.out.println(!c);//false (opposite of boolean value)  
10. System.out.println(!d);//true  
11. }}  

Output:

-11
9
false
true